02929naa a2200217 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000230006024501300008326000090021352022140022265000150243665000130245165000230246470000230248770000180251070000160252870000200254470000210256477301260258511340722023-12-12       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aSCHAFASCHEK, T. P.  aMolecular identification of the hygienic behavior in colonies of Africanized bees (Apis mellifera L.).h[electronic resource]  c2023  aHygienic behavior (HB) allows bees to resist various diseases. This characteristic can be quantified through field tests, but the use of molecular markers can improve the effectiveness of selection. In this work the molecular identification of the colonies of the Africanized Apis mellifera bee selection project for disease resistance and high productivity of the Epagri Experimental Station of Videira, SC, was carried out. The phenotypic evaluation of this characteristic was made by the percentage of dead offspring removed in 24 hours, using the brood freezing method. The colonies were evaluated from 2017 to 2021 in the four seasons of the year, and at each year, the colonies with the highest averages of HB had their queens reproduced to replace those with less satisfactory production characteristics and less HB. For the molecular analyses, bee samples were collected from 45 colonies that had the highest HB averages in November 2018, which were analyzed in duplicate (n=90). In the molecular evaluation of the HB of the bees, a SNP associated with the uncapping and removal beahaviours that are components of the hygienic behavior was evaluated via PCR. After amplification, digestion was performed with the restriction enzyme Hpy188i and subsequent gel electrophoresis to distinguish the bands of 207 bp (uncut, hygienic) from 178 bp (cut, unhygienic). Of the 90 samples analyzed: eight were heterozygous, and 79 were homozygous for allele 207, being considered hygienic samples. No homozygous sample was observed for the unhygienic allele 178. The mean HB obtained by the brood freezing method was 82.22%; 88.39%; 92.11%; 87.74% and 91.27% for the years 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively. The overall average of HB in the squad over the period evaluated was 89.04%. The use of the mass selection of the colonies based on the phenotypic characteristics of HB allowed the increase of the genotype in the group of colonies evaluated. The use of molecular marker combined with the use of the restriction enzyme Hpy188i was efficient for the effectiveness of the selection of bees with hygienic behavior in the colonies studied, assisting in decision making with more speed and precision.  aBee health  aBreeding  aHoneybee selection1 aKLABUNDE, G. H. F.1 aMANFIO, C. E.1 aPEREIRA, A.1 aKLOCK, A. L. S.1 aMENDES, S. D. C.  tIn: INTERNATIONAL APICULTURAL CONGRESS, 48., 2023, Santiago, Chile. Abstracts... Santiago, Chile: Apimondia, 2023. p. 147