02403naa a2200229 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000150006024501580007526000090023352016550024265000230189765000300192065000170195065000230196765000200199065000220201070000230203270000230205570000230207877300720210111338382023-10-25       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aARAUJO, L.  aProgression of European canker and wound types favoring Neonectria ditissima infection in apple trees of different ages in Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2023  aEpidemiological knowledge in the apple-Neonectria ditissima pathosystem is fundamental to optimize disease management practices. Knowledge about disease progress and infection process can be useful for predicting European canker and improving disease management decisions. Thus, the objectives of the present study were (1) to monitor the European canker progression in apple trees established under different time intervals and (2) to study wound types that can be invaded by N. ditissima. European canker incidence (% of apple trees with symptoms) was monitored and recorded over time on apple trees established in the years 1990, 2009, and 2011. During the autumn of 2018 to 2020, each age group of the apple trees in the orchard were monitored and the canker numbers and wound types (leaf scars, pruning cuts, fruit picking wounds, and others) that caused N. ditissima infection were recorded. Results showed that European canker incidence significantly increased over time, regardless of the age of the apple trees. Fruit picking wounds were the most susceptible natural and/or artificial openings leading to N. ditissima infection followed by pruning cuts, leaf scars, and others among the apple trees of different ages over time. The pruning wounds were more important in younger apple trees than older ones because the apple trees were more affected by European canker over time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Brazil to monitor the European canker progression and determine the main wound types naturally infected by N. ditissima under field conditions in the apple orchard established in different years over time.  aA2 quarantine pest  aCylindrocarpon heteronema  aEpidemiology  aIntegrated control  aMalus domestica  aNectria galligena1 aPINTO, F. A. M. F.1 aNOGUEIRA, P. H. S.1 aLACONSKI, J. M. O.  tTropical Plant Pathology, Vi??osa, MGgv. 48, n. 1, p. 73-82, 2023.