02740naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006010000180007424501260009226000090021852018080022765000230203565000220205865000230208065000340210365000330213765000340217070000230220470000210222770000220224870000210227070000160229170000170230770000180232470000190234277300770236111332592023-04-27       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0167-88091 aTOMAZELLI, D.  aPasture management intensification shifts the soil microbiome composition and ecosystem functions.h[electronic resource]  c2023  aServices, through the action of soil microorganisms. The increased demand for food, energy, and cattle activityhas led to the conversion of natural grasslands to cultivated systems. However, the consequences of this con-version for soil microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning are yet to be discovered. Here, we used the 16 SrRNA amplicon sequencing and a large set of soil and environmental variables to understand the possible effectsof natural grasslands to cultivated pasture conversion on the soil microbial structure, composition, diversity, andfunctions. The study areas followed a gradient of increasing soil disturbance intensity, as follows: Naturalgrassland (NG), Improved-natural grassland (IG), Perennial-cultivated pasture (PP), and Annual-cultivatedpasture (AP). Natural grassland conversion to managed and cultivated pastures decreased the abundances ofAcidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, while increased α-, γ-, and δ-Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacter-oidetes, Patescibacteria, and Latescibacteria. The predicted functional profiles have also changed, as functionslike ?cellulolytic and symbionts/parasites? decreased after natural to cultivated pastures conversion, while ?ni-trogen respiration?, ?sulfur respiration?, and ?aromatic compound degradation? functions increased. Abovegroundplant diversity decrease influenced belowground microbial diversity. The main drivers of diversity, composition,and functional potential are associated with soil attributes affected by liming, like aluminum complexation. Inconclusion, we have found taxonomic and functional differences between natural and managed grasslands (NGand IG, respectively) and cultivated pastures (PP and AP), with consequences for management strategies andbiodiversity conservation priorities.  a16S rRNA sequencin  aCommunity ecology  aFaprotax functions  aMicrobial ecosystem functions  aNatural grassland conversion  aPlant-microbiome relationship1 aKLAUBERG-FILHO, O.1 aMENDES, S. D. C.1 aBALDISSERA, T. C.1 aGARAGORRY, F. C.1 aTSAI, S. M.1 aPINTO, C. E.1 aMENDES, L. W.1 aGOSS-SOUZA, D.  tAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Amsterdãgv. 346, p. 1-15, 2023.