02142naa a2200145 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000150006024501340007526000090020952015700021865000190178870000230180777301660183011326812022-11-07       2022    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aARAUJO, L.  aConidia release and ascospores ejection of Neonectria ditissima in apple branches in São Joaquim, Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2022  aBrazilian conditions during spring/summer, with prolonged periods of leaf wetting, high  temperatures, and relative humidity, are ideal conditions for apple diseases. Only in 2012  European canker caused by Neonectria ditissima was officially confirmed in Brazilian  apple orchards. The disease has high potential to damage fruit production, and reduces  the productivity. Due to the need to eliminate symptomatic branches, and/or all apple tree  to contain epidemics within the orchards, knowledge of N. ditissima spore release is  required to optimize management practices, because it facilitates prediction of European  canker infection risks and improves disease management decisions. Thus, the objective  of the study was to investigate the N. ditissima spore release in apple plants and detached  branches over time. In São Joaquim, Santa Catarina, in Brazilian South region, both  conidia and ascospores of N. ditissima can be released from cankers in apple tissues that  are alive and/or dead during all year. Peaks of spores release of N. ditissima were  observed in traps when there is rainfall, irrespective of the season in Brazil. Ascospores  peaks were more observed and higher in comparison to conidia collected in both traps  and apple tissues. Symptomatic apple detached branches actively release spores of N.  ditissima in the three years of evaluation, however in smaller quantity in comparison to  traps with alive plants. Thus, management measures should be adopted for the control of  European canker dissemination in apple orchards in Brazil  aapple diseases1 aPINTO, F. A. M. F.  tIn: WORKSHOP BRASILEIRO DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA DE DOENÇAS DE PLANTAS, 6., 2022, Chapecó, SC. Resumos... Brasília: Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia, 2022. p. 33