03531naa a2200229 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000190006024500880007926000090016752027790017665300190295565300150297465300180298970000190300770000150302670000210304170000250306270000160308770000180310377301800312111264922017-08-08       2017    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aSTADNIK, M. J.  aResistance induced by ulvans against plant pathogenic fungi.h[electronic resource]  c2017  aUlvans   are     water-soluble   sulfated        heteropolysaccharides   extracted       from    the     cell    walls   of      green   marine  macroalgae      Ulva    spp.    and     are     able    to      induce  systemic        resistance      in      plants. The     aim     of       this     report  is      to      summarize       the    main     results         of      our     research        group,  from    discovery       to      attempts        in      elucidating      the    mechanisms       of     action.  A       bioprospecting  study   carried         out     between         2002   and      2004    identified       Ulva    fasciata Delile         as      a       potential       source  of      active  compounds       for     controlling     plant   diseases.       In      greenhouse,     spray   of      Ulva extracts   reduced (about  80%)    the     number  of      powdery mildew   colonies        on      pre-treated     leaves. When    applied under   field   conditions,     sprays  of      the     algal   extracts        were     also     able    to      control         anthracnose     by      50%     in      a       highly  susceptible     bean    cultivar.       Follow-up       studies         revealed        that    ulvans  were    the     main    elicitor        molecules       in      the     extracts        of      Ulva.   In      greenhouse,     ulvans   demonstrated    to      protect several crop    plants  such    as      beans,  apple,  grapevine       and     cereals (e.g.   wheat    and     barley) against a       broad   range   of      foliar  phytopathogens, including       biotrophic,     hemibiotrophic  and      necrotrophic     fungi.  Pretreatment    of      barley  leaves  with    ulvans significantly    reduced         the     severity        of      Blumeria         graminis by     80%,    and     in      cereals,        priming         effect  was     detected        in      assays  with    suspensioncultured cells.  Resistance      induced by      ulvans  reduced the     bean    anthracnose     severity        by      50%,    lasting at       least   up      to      nine    days    after   treatment.      Protection      levels  of      65%     were    recorded        in      ulvans-treated  apple    plants  against the     Glomerella      leaf    spot,   but     the     effect  was     weaker  in      not-directly    treated distal  parts.   Jasmonic         acid    pathway         as      well    the     enzyme  NADPH   oxidase         were    triggered during        ulvan-induced   resistance       in      Arabidopsis     thaliana.       These   findings        may     open    new     horizons        for     using   the     algal   polysaccharides as      resistance      inducers.  aPriming effect  aresistance  aUlva fasciata1 aFREITAS, M. B.1 aARAUJO, L.1 aPERUCH, L. A. M.1 aWORDELL FILHO, J. A.1 aPAULERT, R.1 aNOSEDA, M. D.  tIn: EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR PLANT PATHOLOGY, 12., FRENCH SOCIETY FOR PLANT PATHOLOGY, 10., 2017, Dunkerque. Abstracts... French: European Foundation for Plant Pahtology, 2017.