Data/hora: 26/06/2024 09:56:38

Biblioteca(s): 	Epagri-Sede.	
Data corrente: 	14/03/2022	
Data da última atualização: 	14/03/2022	
Autoria: 	PINTO, F. A. M. F.; ARAUJO, L.; OGOSHI, C.; MONTEIRO, F. P.	
Título: 	Survival of Neonectria ditissima in apple burrknots and cankers in Southern Brazil.	
Ano de publicação: 	2021	
Fonte/Imprenta: 	Plant Pathology & Quarantine, Guiyang, v. 11, n. 1, p. 49-57, 2021.	
ISSN: 	2229-2217	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Conteúdo: 	European canker (EC), caused by Neonectria ditissima, can result in the death of apple buds,
shoots, spurs, branches and fruit rot. It is currently well spread worldwide, causing problems in the
prominent apple growing areas, such as Canada, the USA, Europe, Japan, New Zealand, Australia,
South Africa and Chile. In Brazil, EC was first reported in 2002 in an apple nursery located at
Vacaria city, the Rio Grande do Sul state, when infected apple seedlings were imported and were
eradicated, but the disease was already spread for commercial orchards in all apple production
regions in southern Brazil. Epidemiology and fungus behavior in Brazilian climatic conditions are
not clarified. The objective of this work was to understand the survival of N. ditissima and
perithecia formation at Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil. Several necrotic plant residues and
tree parts were checked in orchards during winter on seasons of 2019 and 2020 to investigate their
role as shelter for N. ditissima survival and potential inoculum source for EC. Leaf litter of apples,
fruit spurs, fruit mummies, dead grass, dead weeds, cankers were inspected for perithecia
formation. Samples were taken, and in the laboratory, perithecia were used for fungal identification
and isolation of pathogen. Pathogenicity tests were performed by inoculation of 2-year-old Gala
apple plants grafted in m9 rootstock and detached Gala and Fuji apple fruit with isolates. It was
possible to find several symptoms of EC, mainly cankers in twigs and trunk, at two studied
orchards. Perithecia were found in apple fruit mummies, burrknots, cankers caused by B. dothidea
and cankers caused by N. ditissima in São Joaquim orchard. While in Água Doce perithecia were
found only in burrknots and cankers caused by N. ditissima. To our knowledge, this is the first time
perithecia are found in apple fruit mummies and burrknots. The EC management must be adjusted
to focus on reducing fungus survival on these tissues to achieve the best disease control in Brazilian
climatic conditions.	
Thesagro: 	European Canker; Perithecia; Sexual reproduction.	
Categoria do assunto: 	F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal	
URL: 	http://intranetdoc.epagri.sc.gov.br/producao_tecnico_cientifica/DOC_50800.pdf	
Registro original: 	Epagri-Sede (Epagri-Sede)	
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